Religious
The Catholic Church's Index Librorum Prohibitorum, maintained from 1559 to 1966, included Galileo, Copernicus, Descartes, Locke, Voltaire, and Hume — essentially the entire intellectual foundation of the modern world. Religious censorship remains active: blasphemy laws are still enforceable in over 70 countries, and the 1989 fatwa against Salman Rushdie demonstrated that a religious edict could make an author a global fugitive. Books in this category threatened not just faith, but the institutional power structures that depended on it.
23 Years: A Study of the Prophetic Career of Mohammad
Ali Dashti
A Banquet for Seaweed
Haidar Haidar
A Dream of Good Death
Yi Mun-yol
A Feast for the Seaweeds
Haidar Haidar

A Wrinkle in Time
Madeleine L'Engle

Adama
Turki al-Hamad
Amar Meyebela
Taslima Nasrin
Angarey
Sajjad Zaheer

Angela's Ashes
Frank McCourt

Are You There God? It's Me, Margaret
Judy Blume

Being and Nothingness
Jean-Paul Sartre

Bless Me, Ultima
Rudolfo Anaya
Bridge to Terabithia
Katherine Paterson

Candide
Voltaire
Children of the Alley
Naguib Mahfouz

De Monarchia
Dante Alighieri

De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium
Nicolaus Copernicus
Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems
Galileo Galilei

Discourse on Method
René Descartes
Dwikhandita
Taslima Nasrin
Elmer Gantry
Sinclair Lewis

Emile, or On Education
Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Encyclopédie
Denis Diderot

God Dies by the Nile
Nawal El Saadawi

God Is Red
Liao Yiwu
Haji Agha
Sadegh Hedayat

Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone
J.K. Rowling

I Am Malala
Malala Yousafzai
Ka
Taslima Nasrin
Lajja
Taslima Nasrin

Les Fleurs du Mal
Charles Baudelaire

Les Misérables
Victor Hugo

Letters Concerning the English Nation
Voltaire

Leviathan
Thomas Hobbes
Meditations on First Philosophy
René Descartes

Noli Me Tángere
José Rizal
On Islam
Ahmad Kasravi
On the Origin of Species
Charles Darwin

On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres
Nicolaus Copernicus

One Thousand and One Nights
Anonymous
Pensées
Blaise Pascal
Persepolis
Marjane Satrapi

Philosophical Dictionary
Voltaire
Rama Retold
Aubrey Menen
Rangila Rasul
M.A. Chamupati

Shame
Taslima Nasrin

Shivaji: Hindu King in Islamic India
James Laine
Siddhartha
Hermann Hesse

Snow
Orhan Pamuk
Taseer of Lahore
Jugnu Mohsin

The Age of Reason
Thomas Paine

The Alchemist
Paulo Coelho

The Autobiography of a Yogi
Paramahansa Yogananda

The Bible
Various Authors

The Crime of Father Amaro
José Maria de Eça de Queirós

The Da Vinci Code
Dan Brown

The Descent of Man
Charles Darwin

The Diary of a Young Girl
Anne Frank

The Forty Rules of Love
Elif Şafak

The Giver
Lois Lowry

The Golden Compass
Philip Pullman

The Gospel According to Jesus Christ
José Saramago

The Hunger Games
Suzanne Collins

The Incoherence of the Incoherence
Ibn Rushd (Averroës)

The Islamic State: A Brief Introduction
Charles Lister

The Jewel of Medina
Sherry Jones

The Kite Runner
Khaled Hosseini

The Last Temptation of Christ
Nikos Kazantzakis

The Master and Margarita
Mikhail Bulgakov

The Monk
Matthew Lewis

The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad

The Power and the Glory
Graham Greene

The Prince
Niccolò Machiavelli
The Quran
Various Authors

The Red and the Black
Stendhal

The Reluctant Fundamentalist
Mohsin Hamid

The Satanic Verses
Salman Rushdie

The Second Sex
Simone de Beauvoir

The Social Contract
Jean-Jacques Rousseau

The Spirit of the Laws
Montesquieu

The Stranger
Albert Camus

The Swallows of Kabul
Yasmina Khadra

The System of Nature
Baron d'Holbach

The Tragic Sense of Life
Miguel de Unamuno

The Witches
Roald Dahl

The Yacoubian Building
Alaa Al Aswany
Theologico-Political Treatise
Baruch Spinoza
Things Fall Apart
Chinua Achebe
Two Treatises of Government
John Locke

Zhuan Falun
Li Hongzhi

Zorba the Greek
Nikos Kazantzakis